Kwamfutoci sun bi tsarin juyin halitta wanda ya sa su zama masu sauƙin amfani da fahimta ga masu amfani. Sai dai kuma akwai wasu bangarori da ake ganin sun ci gaba da kasancewa a hannun masana a wannan fanni, saboda irin sarkakiyarsu. Ko da yake hakan gaskiya ne a kowane fanni, A cikin kwamfuta yana yiwuwa a yi magana cikin sauƙi don fahimtar abubuwa da yawa. Don haka, a yau muna so mu yi shi don bayyana abin da BIOS yake a cikin kwamfuta da abin da yake.
Idan kun bincika yadda ake shigar da tsarin aiki ko ƙarin hadaddun matakai kamar Overclocking, ƙila kun ci karo da manufar BIOS. A wannan ma'anar, ko da yake yana da ɗan rikitarwa, za mu gaya muku komai game da shi, a hanya mafi sauƙi.
Menene Bios?
BIOS shi ne gajarta na Basic Input/Fit System, wato Basic Input and Output System. Chip ne da aka shigar a cikin motherboard wanda ke dauke da firmware mai kula da aiwatar da jerin tsare-tsare da nufin sarrafa farawar kwamfuta, kunna ayyuka kamar lura da zafin jiki na processor, duba kayan aikin da aka haɗa, da sauransu.
Ta wannan hanyar, haɗin hardware ne da software tare da manufar tabbatar da cewa kwamfutar ta cika mafi ƙarancin ƙa'idodi don ƙaddamar da sarrafawa zuwa tsarin aiki. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa cire RAM misali zai sa kwamfutar ta kasa yin rajistar BIOS.
BIOS tarihin
An kirkiro kalmar BIOS a cikin 1975 tare da isowar tsarin aiki na CP/M ta masanin kimiyyar kwamfuta Gary Kidall.. Kidall ya bayyana a matsayin BIOS sashin tsarinsa wanda ke kula da fara kayan aiki kuma yana hulɗa da kayan aikin, yana tabbatar da cewa komai daidai ne.
Tsarukan aiki daga baya kuma suna da module don waɗannan dalilai. Duk da haka, kadan kadan an fara barin shi a hannun guntu wanda ya hada da motherboard. Ta wannan hanyar, BIOS ya zama shingen tsaro na farko don fara kwamfutar, wanda ke hana kunna ta idan wani abu mai mahimmanci ya ɓace.
Menene ayyukan BIOS?
Sanin abin da BIOS yake da kuma yadda ya zama wani ɓangare na kwamfutoci na sirri, yana da daraja sanin ayyukansa. Ta haka ne. Za mu iya cewa ayyuka na wannan kashi za a iya raba zuwa 3 manyan kungiyoyin: taya management, hardware duba da kuma kunna sabis.
A ƙasa za mu gaya muku abin da kowanne ɗayan waɗannan abubuwan ya shafi da kuma yadda BIOS ke sarrafa su.
boot management
Gudanar da boot ɗin yana dogara ne akan samar da duk abin da ake buƙata don ƙaddamar da sarrafa kwamfuta zuwa tsarin aiki.. A wannan ma'anar, akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don cimma wannan: Hard Drive, CD, ƙwaƙwalwar USB har ma da hanyar sadarwa. A wannan yanayin, BIOS ne ke da alhakin sarrafa wannan yanke shawara bisa tsarin da ya gabata, inda muka ayyana tsarin fifiko na waɗannan tushen taya.
hardware duba
Duba kayan aikin wani yanki ne inda ayyukan BIOS ke motsawa. Na’ura ce wacce manufarta ita ce tabbatar da cewa duk kayan aikin da kwamfuta ta dogara da su suna aiki daidai kuma suna aiki. Muna da cikakken misali na wannan a cikin sanarwar tsofaffin kwamfutoci lokacin da aka kunna kuma ba tare da haɗa maɓalli ba.
Ta wannan hanyar, idan ƙwaƙwalwar RAM ta ɓace ko ta kasa ko kuma idan babu babban diski, BIOS zai jefa faɗakarwa a ƙarshen tabbatarwa.. Hakanan, a yawancin waɗannan lokuta, ba zai ƙyale tsarin aiki ya fara ba.
Kunna ayyuka
Daban-daban iri na uwayen uwa suna da zaɓuɓɓuka iri-iri waɗanda suka dace da gudanarwa da sarrafa abubuwan haɗin gwiwa. Ta wannan ma'ana, zamu iya samun alluna tare da zaɓuɓɓukan sarrafa wutar lantarki, zafin jiki da saka idanu na sauri, da ƙari. Duk waɗannan ana kunna su kai tsaye daga BIOS, lokacin da kwamfutar ta kunna.
Ta wannan hanyar, BIOS kuma shine ke kula da aiwatar da dukkan abubuwan da suka dace da motherboard da firmware ke haɗawa.
Gudanarwa da gudanarwa
Ko da yake ba mu ambata shi a baya ba, dole ne mu haskaka fuskar gudanarwa da gudanarwa da BIOS ke bayarwa. Ta hanyar samun dama gare shi, muna da yuwuwar yin aiki tare da ayyukan gudanarwa, kamar Overclocking. Hakanan, zaku iya saita tsarin taya don ayyana cewa koyaushe yana farawa da tashoshin USB, idan kuna buƙata.
Wannan bangare na Tsarin Shigar da Fita na asali yana da matukar dacewa saboda zai ba ku damar samun damar sarrafawa da bayanai na ci gaba game da tsarin. Don shigar da shi, dole ne ku shiga shafin masana'anta don sanin maɓalli ko haɗin maɓalli wanda ke kaiwa ga hanyar sadarwa.