Ukufunda i-Excel yenye yezo mfuno zisisiseko ekufuneka sihlangabezane nazo ukuze siququzelele kungekuphela nje ukungena kwethu kwilizwe lengqesho, kodwa neenkqubo ezininzi zobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. I-spreadsheet yeMicrosoft sisixhobo esinamandla ngokwenene esikwabandakanyeka kwiindawo ezininzi, ukusuka emsebenzini ukuya kwizifundiswa kunye nakwiiprojekthi zomntu. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba ucinga ukuqala indlela yakho ngale nkqubo, sifuna ukukunceda ukuba uthathe amanyathelo okuqala. Ke ngoko, siza kuphonononga iifomyula ezisisiseko ekufuneka uzazi ukuze ufunde ukusebenzisa i-Excel.
Ezi fomyula ziya kukunceda uhambe kakuhle ngesixhobo, ukwenza imisebenzi ye-arithmetic, ukuodola izinto, ukubala kunye neminye imisebenzi eya kukunika ithuba lokwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Yintoni ifomula kwi-Excel?
Xa kuziwa kwi-Excel, nokuba awunalwazi kule ndawo, ngokuqinisekileyo uvile ngeefomula. Uninzi lwemisebenzi kule nkqubo iququzelelwa yifomula, engeyonto ngaphandle kwekhowudi ekhethekileyo okanye i-equation esiyifakela ukwenza isenzo. Izenzo ekuthethwa ngazo zinokususela kwisamba esilula, ukucwangciswa kwezinto kwiphepha okanye ukubalwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ezifana neendawo, umphezulu kunye nokunye.
I-Excel inekhathalogu ebanzi yeefomyula zemali, ingqiqo, imathematika kunye netrigonometric, kunye nokukhangela kunye neefomula zokubhekisela. Ngokunjalo, uya kufumana iinketho ezijolise kumanani, ubunjineli kunye nolawulo lolwazi.
Ngale ndlela, ukuba uphakathi komsebenzi obandakanya nayiphi na le mimandla, kuya kukwanela ukuba nedatha efunekayo kwaye ufake ifomyula echaphazelekayo, ukufumana umphumo ochanekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, siza kuphonononga ngokukhawuleza ukuba zeziphi iifomyula ezisisiseko ekufuneka siziphathe ukuze sifunde i-Excel.
Iifomula ekufuneka uzazi ukuze uqale ukufunda i-Excel
Imisebenzi yezibalo esisiseko
Okokuqala, siza kukubonisa indlela yokwenza imisebenzi yezibalo esisiseko yokudibanisa, ukuthabatha, ukuphindaphinda kunye nokwahlula. Ngokwenyani, ekuphela kwayo enefomathi yefomula yokwenyani yiSum, ngelixa ezinye zisekwe ngokulula kusetyenziso lweempawu ezimiselwe kumsebenzi ngamnye..
Sum
Ukwenza isixa se-Excel kufuneka sifake le fomula ilandelayo:
=USUM(A1:A2) okanye =USUM(2+2)
Njengoko sibona, ifomula ixhasa iindlela ezimbini, enye yokongeza iiseli ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kwaye enye yongeza amanani amabini ngaphakathi kweseli enye.
Ukuthabatha
Kwelinye icala, ukususa inkqubo kulula kakhulu kuba kufuneka usebenzise kuphela isimboli "-". Ngaloo ndlela, siya kuba nento efana nale:
=A1–A3
Ngale ndlela, sithatha amaxabiso eeseli ezimbini, nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba siyenze ngamanani ngaphakathi kwayo.
Ukuphindaphinda
Njengokuthabatha, ukuphindaphinda kwi-Excel kusekwe ekusebenziseni iinkwenkwezi njengophawu. Ke, ukuphinda-phinda izinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu siya kuba nento efana nale:
=A1*A3
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba, njengakwimeko zangaphambili, sinokuphinda-phinda amaxabiso amabini ngaphakathi kwiseli enye.
ICandelo
Ekugqibeleni, ukwenza imisebenzi yokwahlula, siya kusebenzisa ibha njengophawu. Ngaloo ndlela sine:
=A1/A3
Kwakhona, ungasebenzisa ifomula efanayo ukwahlula amanani amabini kwiseli.
I-AVERAGE
I-AVERAGE ifomula iluncedo kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi kwaye njengoko igama layo libonisa, isinceda ukuba sifumane ixabiso eliphakathi kwiseti yamanani akhethiweyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba lo msebenzi ukwaziwa njengeMean okanye i-arithmetic Mean kwaye ukhona kakhulu kwinkalo yezifundo nakwizibalo.
Ukuyisebenzisa kufuneka ufake:
=UMANDLA(A1:B3)
SI
Umsebenzi we-IF yinxalenye yeefomyula ezinemiqathango, iluncedo kakhulu xa sifuna ukujonga ukuba imeko ethile iyinyani na okanye hayi.. Oku kusetyenziswa ngokukodwa kwiinkalo ezifana nezifundiswa, umzekelo, apho sinokuba noluhlu lwabafundi abanamabanga abo kwaye kanye ecaleni kwalo nephetshana elibonisa ukuba baphumelele na okanye hayi. Ngale ndlela, kufuneka sibeke ifomula ukwenzela ukuba iqinisekise ukuba imeko idibene.
Ngaloo ndlela, i-syntax ihamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
=IF(Imeko, Ixabiso ukuba yinyaniso, Ixabiso ukuba asiyonyani)
Ke, ukuba ibakala eliphumeleleyo ngama-50, sinokuba nomzekelo ofana nalo:
= EWE(B2>=50, PASS, FAIL)
IYA KUBALA
I-COUNTA yenye yeefomyula ezisisiseko zokufunda indlela yokusebenzisa i-Excel ekufuneka siyiphathe ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo okukhulu. Ngayo, ungabala inani leeseli ezinedatha ekhoyo kuluhlu olunikiweyo. Ngale ndlela, ukuba ufuna ukwazi inani lezinto kwikholamu kwaye nayo ihlaziywe, ungayisebenzisa.
Ukwenza oku, i-syntax ihamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
I-COUNTA (A1:B3)
Ngaphakathi kwi-parentheses ungangenisa uluhlu lweeseli ofuna ukuziqinisekisa kwaye uya kuba nesiphumo kwangoko.
I-HYPERLINK
Nangona i-Excel iwaqaphela amakhonkco xa siwafaka kwaye ngokukhawuleza uwaguqulele kwikhonkco efikelelekayo ukusuka kunqakrazo, i-HYPERLINK ifomula ithatha oku kunokwenzeka kancinci. Ngaloo ndlela, sinokwenza isicatshulwa se-hyperlink, senze umbhalo othile uvele endaweni yekhonkco.
Ifomula imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
=HYPERLINK(ikhonkco, umbhalo)
=HYPERLINK(“www.windowsnoticias.com”, “Yazi iwebhusayithi yethu”)
VLOOKUP
I-VLOOKUP yenye yezona zinto zidumileyo kwi-Excel kwaye iya kukuvumela ukuba ufumane ixabiso olifunayo phakathi koluhlu lweeseli.. Ngale ndlela, uya kukwazi ukunqanda ukuhamba ngeseli nganye ukuze ufumane idatha oyifunayo kwaye endaweni yoko, kuya kukwanela ukusebenzisa ifomula ekuthethwa ngayo. Isivakalisi sihamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
=UKUJONGA(UKUJONGA IXABISO, UDIDI LWEESELI, INANI LEKHOLAM APHO IFUMANEKA IDATHA EJONGAYO, E-OREDIWEYO)
Ngale ndlela, iparameter yokuqala yokungena lixabiso elifunwayo, elingeyonto ngaphandle kwereferensi esiya kuyisebenzisa ukufumana idatha ekuthethwa ngayo. Emva koko, kukujika koluhlu lweeseli apho uphendlo luya kwenziwa kwaye emva koko wongeze inombolo yekholomu apho idatha esifuna ukuyifumana ifunyenwe.. Imihlathi iqala ukuya kwinani ukusuka kuleyo oyikhethileyo. Okokugqibela, i-Sorted ibhekisa ekubeni ngaba uphendlo luya kubuyisela ngokuthe ngqo okanye uqikelelo lomdlalo. Ngeemidlalo ezichanekileyo, ngenisa FALSE.