Ukuba uyasebenzisa Excel ngokuthe rhoqo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhe wabhenela kuyo Isisombululo, i-add-on kwiprogram ye-spreadsheet ye-Microsoft Office esinokwenza ngayo izibalo ukuze siphumeze iziphumo ngendlela eyahlukileyo nesulungekisiweyo kakhulu. Kule post siza kubona ngqo ukuba yenzelwe ntoni kwaye isebenza njani.
I-Solver, ngeSpanishi ithetha "umsombululi" ligama elisetyenziswa kwindawo yekhompyuter ukubhekisa kwizixhobo okanye izixhobo ezibandakanyiweyo kwinkqubo enjongo yayo iphambili iku Sombulula ingxaki yezibalo.
Ke ngoko, i-Excel Solver sisixhobo sokubala esinokuthi sisebenziseke ngokukodwa kwiimeko ezithile, isixhobo esixabiseke kakhulu xa uququzelela umsebenzi kwicandelo lolungiselelo okanye iinkqubo zokuvelisa. Eyona nto isetyenziswayo kukumisela elona xabiso liphezulu okanye lincinci leseli ngokuguqula amaxabiso ezinye iiseli, ukufumana iinjongo eziphuculweyo zeemodeli ezihambelanayo kunye nezingezomda. Siza kuyicacisa ngakumbi ngezantsi:
Iiseli eziguquguqukayo kunye neeseli ekujoliswe kuzo
Ukuqonda indlela esebenza ngayo iSolver kunye nendlela enokuba luncedo ngayo kuthi, kuyafuneka ukuba uqale uchaze amagama amabini asisiseko: iiseli eziguquguqukayo kunye neeseli ekujoliswe kuzo.
Isiseko sendlela iSolver esebenza ngayo ilele kwi iiseli eziguquguqukayo, ekwabizwa ngokuba ziiseli eziguquguqukayo zesigqibo. Ezi seli zisetyenziselwa ukubala iifomyula apho iiseli ekujoliswe kuzo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "constraint". Into eyenziwa nguSolver kukulungelelanisa amaxabiso eeseli eziguquguqukayo ukuze zihambelane nemida ebekwe ziiseli zomqobo, ngaloo ndlela zifumana iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo kwiseli ekujoliswe kuyo.
(*) Amagama asetyenziswa kwiinguqulelo zeSolver phambi kwe-Excel 2007 yayahlukile: iiseli eziguquguqukayo zazibizwa ngokuba yi "changing cells" okanye "adjustable cells", ngelixa iseli ekujoliswe kuyo yayibizwa ngokuba yi "target cell".
Indlela yokusebenzisa iSolver: umzekelo wosetyenziso
Konke oku kunokuvakala kunzima, nangona kunjalo, iqondwa ngcono ngomzekelo. Oku kuya kusinceda sibone indlela olunokuba luncedo ngayo olu songezo lwe-Excel:
Sicinga ukuba inkampani eyenza i-Excel sheet kunye neentsika ezintathu, nganye ihambelana nenye yeemveliso ezizenzayo: A, B kunye no-C.
Ukwenza nganye kuzo kufuneka umlinganiselo othile weentlobo ezintathu zemathiriyeli ekrwada, eboniswe kwimiqolo X, Y kunye no-Z. Masithi ukuvelisa iyunithi enye ka-A kufuneka iyunithi enye yezinto eziphathekayo u-X, ezimbini zikaY kunye nezintathu ukusuka. Z. Ukuvelisa u-B no-C, ezinye iindibaniselwano zobungakanani nezinto ezikrwada ziyafuneka.
Songeza ikholamu entsha (masiyibize ngokuba nguD) edwelisa elona nani liphezulu lifumanekayo kwinto nganye kwezi mveliso. Siphinde sibeke umqolo omtsha, ngezantsi, apho inzuzo eyenziwa yiyunithi nganye yemveliso ethengisiweyo ichazwe. Elula.
Ngayo yonke idatha ephezu kwetafile, umbuzo esizibuza wona ngulo ulandelayo: Ukufumana njani indibaniselwano efanelekileyo yeemveliso eziza kwenziwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo isixa esilinganiselweyo semathiriyeli ekrwada? Nantsi indlela ekufuneka siqhube ngayo:
- Okokuqala, siya kwibar yesixhobo kunye nokufikelela Isisombululo (okoko Iinkcukacha, amaqela uhlalutyo).
- Emva koko sikhetha i iseli ekujoliswe kuyo (H8) kwaye, kwiphaneli, sikhetha ukhetho «Ubukhulu» nakwibhokisi Ukutshintsha iiseli eziguquguqukayo sibhala kwimeko yethu, C10: E10.
- Songeza izithintelo ngokucinezela iqhosha "Yongeza": ngaphakathi iseli reference H5:H7, oko kukuthi, uluhlu lweseli ofuna ukulinciphisa ixabiso; kwaye kwi Uthintelo F5:F7.
- Okokugqibela, sicinezela iqhosha "Sombulula" ukuze iziphumo zivele kwiiseli zomqolo we-10.
Lo siwuphakamisile ngumzekelo olula. Ityala elinikelwe ukubonisa ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ukuba luncedo kunye nokusebenza kwesi sixhobo. Ngokwenyani, ngeSolver ungaqhuba imisebenzi enzima kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto inomdla kakhulu kwiinkampani kunye neengcali eziphatha amanani amakhulu edatha.
Umgaqo-nkqubo osetyenziswa nguSolver
ISolver isebenza ngeealgorithms ezintathu ezahlukeneyo okanye iindlela zokusombulula, apho umsebenzisi anokuzikhetha ngebhokisi yencoko yababini. Iiparamitha zokuSombulula. Zezi zilandelayo:
- LP Simplex, ukusombulula iingxaki zomgca.
- Ukuzivelela kwezinto, ukusombulula iingxaki ezingalungiswanga.
- I-Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) Nonlinear, eboniswe ukusombulula iingxaki ezigudileyo ezingezizo ezomda.
Ungakhetha indlela enye okanye enye kwi Ukhetho iqhosha kwibhokisi yencoko yababini Iiparamitha zeSombululi. Kamva, kuyenzeka ukugcina iziphumo ezahlukeneyo ezifunyenwe ngeSolver kwiispredishithi ezahlukeneyo. Nganye kuzo inokuqulatha olwabo ukhetho lweSolver, ekuya kuthethwa ngalo kamva. Kuyenzeka kwakhona, kwaye kuyacetyiswa, ukuchaza ngaphezulu kwengxaki enye kwi-spreadsheet usebenzisa uLayisho/Gcina iinketho kwaye ngaloo ndlela ugcine iingxaki zodwa.