Ukuba ucinga ukufaka 11 Windows, uya kuba nomdla ukwazi uyenza isebenze njani iTPM yePC yakho. Kwaye kukuba, ukuze usebenzise uguqulelo lwamva nje lwenkqubo yokusebenza yeMicrosoft, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ube ne-TPM 2.0 chip.
Kutheni loo mfuneko? Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, le yichip eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuphucula ufihlo lwekhompyuter, itshiphu angengawo onke amaqela anayo. Naleyo yangoku. Kunokwenzeka ukuba ikhompyuter oyisebenzisayo ineminyaka eyi-1 okanye emi-2 kuphela, ayihambelani nayo Windows 11 ngenxa yesi sizathu.
Okokuqala, siza kuchaza ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-TPM kwaye yintoni ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Okokuqala, kufuneka kuthiwe i-TPM imele IModyuli yeQonga elithembekileyo. NgeSpanish, "imodyuli yeqonga elithembekileyo". Yiloo nto kanye sithetha ngayo: inkqubo yokhuseleko enomdla kwiikhompyuter zethu.
Yintoni itshiphu yeTPM
Ichazwe ngamagama ambalwa, sinokuyichaza i-chip ye-TPM njengesisombululo seMicrosoft esiyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuqalisa ikhompyutha kwaye iyakwazi ukukhusela idatha yethu, ukwenzela ukuba ulwazi olugciniweyo lukhuselekile kwi-prying eyes.
Iitshiphusi ze-TPM zahlulwe ngokwasemzimbeni kwi-CPU ephambili, nangona ziqhagamshelwe kumjikelezo ophambili wekhompyuter. Inzuzo enkulu yoku kukuba ulwazi olubuthathaka lugcinwe kwi-TPM yekhompyuter, intandabuzo engenakuphikiswa ngokuchasene nohlaselo olunokuthi luchaphazele lonke iqela. Nokuba ikhompyuter ichaphazeleke yi-malware okanye intsholongwane, imisebenzi yayo eyisiseko iya kukhuseleka ngokubulela kwi-TPM.
Le chip ibandakanya iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko lomzimba ezifana ne iprosesa ye-crypto. Ngapha koko, lo ngowona msebenzi wayo ubalaseleyo, umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukugcina izitshixo okanye ulwazi olufihliweyo malunga neziqinisekiso zethu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengoko i-chip esekelwe kwi-hardware, kunzima kakhulu ukuba umhlaseli wangaphandle afikelele kwidatha yethu, engayi kugcinwa kwimemori.
Ukususela ngo-2016 kukho imfuneko yokufakela itshiphu yeTPM 2.0 kuzo zonke izixhobo ezisebenza ngeWindows, nangona de Windows 10 inguqulelo yokuqala ye-TPM yayanele. Kwimeko ye-Windows 11, njengoko besitshilo ekuqaleni kweposi, kubalulekile, kuba siza kuyidinga ukufaka inkqubo yokusebenza. La manyathelo ayinxalenye yomgaqo-nkqubo omtsha wokhuseleko we-Microsoft, oquka ukusungulwa kwe Windows Defender kunye nezinye iinkqubo.
Inyani yile le chip iza ifakwe kwimeko yokwenziwa kumaqela amaninzi. Ngamanye amagama: ifakwe kwifektri, kodwa ikhubazekile. Ukuze ukwazi ukuyisebenzisa, kufuneka uyivule ngesandla, njengoko sichaza ngezantsi.
Uyenza isebenze njani itshiphu yeTPM
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuvula i-TPM yePC yakho. Sizichaza ngezantsi. Inyathelo lokuqala kufuneka libe kukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi na inguqulelo esiyifakileyo kwikhompyuter yethu ngokulandela la manyathelo:
- Okokuqala siya kwimenyu yokuqalisa.
- Emva koko sicinezela i icon yegiya ukuvula i Cwangcisa.
- Apho sikhetha ukhetho Uhlaziyo kunye noKhuseleko.
- Kwikholamu ekhohlo, sicofa Ukhuseleko lweWindows.
- Emva koko kwiinketho IiNdawo zoKhuselo sakhetha enye ye Ukhuseleko lwesixhobo.
- Sikhetha Iprosesa yoKhuseleko, apho zonke iinkcukacha zivela khona (jonga umfanekiso ongentla).
Ukuba, xa sisenza la manyathelo, asifumani icandelo loMqhubekekisi woKhuseleko emehlweni, oko kuya kuthetha ukuba i-TPM yekhompyuter yethu ivaliwe.
Ukuze siqiniseke ngakumbi, sinokusebenzisa enye indlela: vula imenyu yokuqalisa kwaye ubhale isicatshulwa kuyo tpm.msc. Inkqubo enelo gama iya kuvela. Xa siyivula, sinokufumana iziphumo ezimbini:
- bonisa isiphumo "Akukho TPM ihambelanayo ifunyenweyo", oko kuthetha ukuba kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuyifaka.
- Ukuvela TPM ulwazi. Oko kuthetha ukuba ifakiwe, nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba ivaliwe kwaye kufuneka uyivule ngesandla.
Ukuvula ngesandla kwi-UEFI BIOS
Ukwenza i-TPM isebenze kwiPC yakho, emva kokuba siqinisekisile ukuba sele ifakiwe kwikhompyuter, kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba ibhodi yethu yomama inesidibanisi seTPM kwaye sinesixhobo sokudibanisa. BIOS Uhlobo lwe-UEFI. Nje ukuba olu vavanyo lwenziwe, indlela yokulandela yile:
- Ngaphambi kokuba siqale, kufuneka cima ikhompyuter kwaye uyivule kwakhona.
- Xa uqalo luqhuba, ngaxa lithile kuya kuvela uphawu olusixelelayo Cofa X* ukufaka uSeto. Sisitshixo esiza kusivumela ukuba sifikelele kwi-BIOS.
- Xa ungaphakathi kwi-BIOS, kufuneka ukhangele icandelo le-TPM, elihlala lihlala kwicandelo lokhuseleko.
- Ekugqibeleni, sivula ukhetho kwaye sigcine utshintsho ngaphambi kokuphuma.
(*) Le «X» inokuba naliphi na elinye isitshixo. Inokuba ngumzekelo Del, F8, F9 ó F12, kuxhomekeke kwi-BIOS yethu.